Annotated Bibliography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Clarified Bibliography - Essay Example Examination led by Rashad shows that adjustments in the pace of ripeness has happened in all Arab countries and this change was acknowledged by Arab countries at a postponement when contrasted with different countries, yet the decrease has been competent at an a lot quicker rate when contrasted with different countries. Rashad states that there have been a few causes that have contributed vigorously towards the moderate acknowledgment of decrease in richness rate among Arab countries and this complies with the conviction that Arab country and their populaces are safe towards tolerating change. In specific countries and individuals of these lucky countries experienced fruitfulness decay because of support of high yearnings and expanded chances. On the opposite end, there have been Arab countries that have encountered decrease in financial conditions alongside issues in making families have even prompted decrease in ripeness. Financial status of people in specific regions has assumed a n inspirational job in the acknowledgment of decrease in richness at a lot prior occasions when contrasted with different countries. Acknowledgment was even determined because of understanding of Islam which was liberal in nature. Individuals living in specific countries, particularly those in the Gulf district experienced moderate acknowledgment of decay as a result of sound dynamic bolstered with youngster bolster programs. Bedouin countries by and large have not been impervious to transform, they have encountered contrasts in tolerating change. The scientist attests that distinctions in the manner change is acknowledged and embraced in Arab countries and the conditions that drive the adjustments in the degree of ripeness in Arab country is comparative and steady with the progressions experienced all through the world and these discoveries are not at all like the previous discoveries of different specialists. This even shows scientists beforehand have overstated the issue of adjus tment to culture. The distinctions in these patterns even show that the speculations of progress that are as of now in presence have neglected to clarify the Arab countries instance of fruitfulness. On one hand speculations are steady with changes that are formative and cultural in nature, however then again the experience of Arab countries of decrease in ripeness has occurred under various conditions. Hypotheses of progress of fruitfulness pay accentuation to richness which is conjugal in nature, however the instance of Arab country has indicated that decrease in the pace of ripeness has happened because of modifications in changes in the recurrence of relationships occurring. The analyst further declares that changes that have just occurred and are proceeding to happen as consequence of changes in the recurrence of relationships in Arab countries plainly show that females in the Arab countries are wanting to remain unmarried for a more drawn out timeframe and a significant level o f the ladies populace in these areas even acknowledge to remain unmarried for the duration of their lives. Countries that have encountered most noteworthy changes in the course of events of the occasion of marriage incorporate Libya, Algeria, Syria, Morocco and others. Ladies in these areas acknowledge to stay unmarried till they arrive at the period of 30+ and these ladies represent 10 to 20% of the number of inhabitants in these districts. This has happened simultaneously when the ripeness paces of Arab countries are declining, which shows that as marriage rates are deferred and diminished, ladies are diminishing their inclusion in the demonstration of childrearing. This has come about in

Competitive Advantage Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Upper hand - Research Paper Example From the paper plainly upper hand is probably going to be accomplished through various roads that incorporate the contribution of unrivaled quality items or administrations. A portion of these practices include the bringing down of costs just as bringing the endeavors up in the market. An upper hand that is reasonable is one that keeps up a great situation above others over an extensive stretch of time which is indispensable in boosting its picture in the commercial center. Moreover its valuations along with future acquiring possibilities are likewise placed into thought. As the conversation stresses upper hand is isolated into two, to be specific similar preferred position (otherwise called cost advantage) just as differential favorable position. Near favorable position is the limit of creating great items or administrations at lower costs that business rivals. It gives a business firm the penchant to selling products alongside administrations at moderately scaled down costs in contrast with the opposition or creating huge deal edges. Differential favorable position then again is established when the items or administrations of a firm vary from those of the contenders and are seen as better contrasted with those of the contenders. Associations in high PDs are brought together with solid progressive systems and large holes regarding pay and authority, while low PD places administrators just as representatives are viewed as equivalent. In the previous, it is imperative to recognize authority of pioneers and the last expects one to utilize cooperation.

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for PTSD

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for PTSD September 29, 2019 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children Getty/Photographers choice/Peter Dazeley A number of people have had success in using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). If you are struggling with symptoms of PTSD, ACT for PTSD may be helpful. Learn about why this therapy can help and the five goals of treatment. Treatment Options for PTSD The Rationale Behind Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for PTSD From an early age, we learn to label some feelings as bad and others as good. For example, sadness and anxiety are viewed as bad or negative emotions  and happiness and joy as good or positive ones. Its understandable, then, that we try to have a few painful feelings, and as many positive ones, as possible.  In particular, when we feel emotional pain, we tend to try to get away from it, but this form of avoidance usually doesnt work well in the long run. Avoidance doesnt work because emotional pain is a part of life. We cant really avoid it. Everyone at some point or another has painful feelings such as sadness, anxiety, or anger.   How we choose to respond to painful feelings can be the difference between getting through the pain or keeping it going and making it worse. In fact, trying to avoid or escape painful thoughts and feelings may be what leads to suffering and psychological disorders.  For example, a person whos lived through a traumatic event may be constantly flooded by memories of the trauma as well as by anxiety and fear. As a result, the person may try to get temporary relief through drugs or alcohol (self-medicating.) That may work in the short run, but in the long run, the alcohol or drugs will do nothing to relieve the pain. Instead, the pain is likely to get worseâ€"and introduce a host of other problems. What Can Be Done? ACT is a behavioral treatment based on the idea that suffering comes not from feeling emotional pain but from our attempts to avoid that pain. ACT is used to treat PTSD and other mental health disorders. The overall goal of ACT is to help people be both open and willing to experience their inner feelings while they focus attention, not on trying to escape or avoid pain (because this is impossible), but on living a meaningful life. The 5 Goals of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for PTSD and other mental health disorders can be broken down into five goals. If you choose to have this therapy and pursue these goals, heres what you can expect to learn and achieve: Recognizing That Trying to Escape Emotional Pain Will Never Work ACT therapists call this goal creative hopelessness. Its met when you see that all the things youve been trying to do to avoid emotional pain do not work, and there will probably never be an effective way of completely removing emotional pain from your life. Understanding That Control Is the Problem The second goal of ACT is your understanding that your problems come not from the emotional pain itself but from your attempts to control or avoid it. In fact, from your ACT for PTSD, you may learn that trying to control emotional pain has the opposite effect: Besides potentially making the pain worse, you may spend so much time and energy trying to avoid it that you have none left for pursuing positive things in your life. Viewing yourself as Separate From Your Thoughts Our thoughts are very believable. A person who has experienced a traumatic event may have thoughts of being a bad person or broken or damaged. However, although these thoughts may feel true, they are only thoughts. They are not a reflection of what is really true. A third goal in ACT for PTSD is for people to learn to take a step back from their thoughts and not buy into them as truth. A thought is just a thought. It is not a reflection of who the person really is. Stopping the Struggle At this stage during your ACT for PTSD, youll be encouraged to stop your tug-of-war with your thoughts and feelings. The goal is to let go of attempts to avoid or control your thoughts and feelings and, instead, to practice being both open and willing to experience thoughts and feelings for what they are and not what you think they are (for example, bad or dangerous). Committing to Action Avoiding emotional pain requires a huge amount of energy for people with PTSD. It can consume your life. As a result, you may not be placing much time or energy into living a meaningful and rewarding life. Therefore, the final goal of your ACT for PTSD is identifying areas of importance in your life (referred to as values in ACT) and increasing the time you spend doing things that are consistent with those values, no matter what emotions or thoughts may arise. For example, a person who has experienced a sexual assault may fear or feel anxious about getting into relationships again, despite valuing closeness and intimacy. In ACT, people are encouraged to engage in actions consistent with their values (for example, reconnecting with an old friend) while being open and willing to feel any anxiety that may arise as a result. Not avoiding that anxiety keeps it from getting worse, and it will be less likely to get in the way of the persons pursuit of a meaningful life. Choosing ACT Therapy for Your PTSD Many therapists now specialize in ACT therapy (see below) but there are other methods of pursuing this therapy as well. From primary care clinics to day-long group workshops, to smartphone applications, to telehealth options, there are many ways in which people with PTSD can pursue acceptance and commitment therapy. Find Help With the 9 Best Online Therapy Programs Where Can I Learn More About ACT? ACT has been found to be helpful for a number of people suffering from psychological disorders and is gaining in popularity. You can learn more about ACT, as well as therapists who specialize in ACT in your area, at the Association for Contextual Behavioral Sciences website. Questions to Ask a New Therapist

Case Studies in IMFs Investment on the African Continent

Case Studies in IMF Investment on the African Continent Section I. Theoretical Background to Apply to Case Studies During the height of World War II, leaders from 45 nations met in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, U.S. to promote international monetary cooperation through a permanent institution which provides the machinery for consultation and collaboration on international monetary problems, promote and facilitate the expansion and balanced growth of international trade, and to contribute thereby to the promotion and maintenance of high levels of employment and real income and to the development of the productive resources of all members (International Monetary Fund, Articles 2). Further mandates included orderly and stable exchange, avoiding currency depreciation wars and to remove hindrance to international trade caused by the immediate-term (current) technical complexities of currency exchange between nations. This would help recovery for European nations lying in ruins from war and prevent a return to the depression that had emaciated the United States, and global demand for exports, over the decade preceding World War II. Effectively, what happens is when countries want to import goods, they either have to directly barter those for their own exports, or first buy currency from the exporting country with which to purchase the exports. Exporting countries often want payment in their own currency, so if the purchasing country has a reserve of the foreignShow MoreRelatedBy Outlining the Current Global Political Economy, Discuss to What Extent the Current Global Political Economy Undermines National Development in the South.4509 Words   |  19 Pages and their relations with law, custom, and government, as well as with the distribution of national income and wealth, including through the budget process. Political economy originated in moral philosophy. It developed in the 18th century as the study of the economies of states, polities, hence political economy. In the late 19th century, the term economics came to replace political economy, coinciding with publication of an influential textbook by Alfred Marshall in 1890.[1] Earlier, WilliamRead MoreWhat Is Meant by Developmentalism: What Is Its Impact on Global Politics?2681 Words   |  11 PagesHistory of aid According to Goldin Reinert (2006, p114) link the history of modern aid to colonialism; â€Å" in so far as colonialism was driven by and exercise driven by a desire to stimulate and then exploit economic activity abroad, providing investment capital, technology, and technical assistance to colonies was integral to the process† (2006, 115). Institutions such as the United Nations, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund in the wake of World War II (WWII) to facilitateRead MoreInternational Aid Or Development Assistance Essay2412 Words   |  10 Pagesthe recipient country. Bilateral aid is the largest form of international aid. It is when the government of one country donates to the government of another country. One of the implications that arise out of bilateral aid is that it also (in some cases) constitutes for â€Å"tied aid.† Tied aid is when the donor government places rules on the aid that is provided (Florensa, J). Tied aid reduces the effectiveness of aid, the value of money and the [sustainable] economic growth of the recipient countryRead MoreWal-Mar Global Expansion Strategy10037 Words   |  41 PagesRetail Industry Overview Macro Environmental Analysis External Factors Micro Environmental Analysis Porter’s Five Forces Model SWOT Feasibility Study Recommendation F. Expansion Target: Israel General Overview Retail Industry Overview Macro Environmental Analysis External Factors Micro Environmental Analysis Porter’s Five Forces Model SWOT Feasibility Study Recommendation G. Conclusion H. References/Sources I. Appendix in Book 2 3 3 3 4 4 6 6 7 8 9 9 9 9 9 12 12 14 17 18 19 19 20 20 20 25 25 27Read MoreDevelopment and Globalisation Essay7740 Words   |  31 Pagesand unskilled workers who may experience | |Labour market flexibility and efficiency |extreme redeployment differences | |Development of new technologies leading to investment |deindustrialisation of some areas, such as the North | |Help to reduce inflation | | Read MoreThe Cause of Globalization18688 Words   |  75 PagesGarrett / CAUSES OF GLOBALIZATION COMPARATIVE POLITICAL STUDIES / August-September 2000 The most important causes of globalization differ among the three major components of international market integration: trade, multinational production, and international finance. The information technology revolution has made it very difficult for governments to control cross-border capital movements, even if they have political incentives to do so. Governments can still restrict the multinationalization ofRead MoreThe Ethiopian Financial Sector Reform29124 Words   |  117 PagesADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES EFFECTS OF THE ETHIOPIAN FINANCIAL SECTOR REFORM ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BANKS AND THE MARKET SHARE DYNAMICS By Dawit Keno A thesis submitted to the School of Graduate Studies of Addis Ababa University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Economics OCTOBER, 2009 i Acknowledgement The author of this thesis acknowledges the support and technical assistance from many sources. I am gratefulRead MoreImpact of Globalization and Bangladesh18126 Words   |  73 Pagesthe effect of globalization is needed to use its advantages to improve her economy. This may also help Bangladesh maintain a sustained growth in the face of likely economic peril. This paper studies both negative and positive impacts of globalization on some selected economic sectors of Bangladesh. It also studies some ameliorative measures to overcome the negative impacts and also the ways to exploit the opportunities created. Finally the paper recommends some measures for Bangladesh to meet the challenges

Crime Is A Learned Behavior - 843 Words

The focus is to create awareness of how we allow outside influences determine our behavior in a given situation. Criminologists have determined that what we see others do, how much we may fear reprimands, and how we are classified in the social environment will have a reflection of how we conduct ourselves on an everyday basis. For example, a child who is allowed to slap or hit another child without any reprisal while their parent, may perceive this as normal behavior and will grow up thinking that they have the right to strike another person any time they are angry and upset. Whereas, the child that is reprimanded for this type of behavior, is more likely to develop the understanding that hitting is wrong and will refrain from such action as an adult. We all learn from our parents, siblings, close family members and later develop personal friendships outside blood ties. The social learning theory of the social process approach uses past and present relationships to tie into crim inal activity. According to Siegel (2012), â€Å"crime is a learned behavior.† (Siegel, 2012, p. 236) Young children and teenagers who are raised in an environment where the parent smokes cigarettes or drinks alcohol on a regular basis, view these acts as normal, typical adult behavior and may be more prone to experiment at an early age. This example can also run along the same lines as smoking marijuana and taking prescription medications illegally. They soon accept these habits as normal andShow MoreRelatedEssay Is Crime a Biological or Learned Behavior?1275 Words   |  6 Pagesthe want to reduce crime, and to determine if there is a way to detect and prevent individuals from committing crime. Determining what causes criminality is still not perfectly clear and likewise, there is still debate as to whether crime is caused biologically, environmentally, or socially. Furthermore, the debate is directly correlated to the notion of nurture vs nature. Over time many resear chers have presented various theories pertaining to what causes criminal behavior. There are many theoriesRead MoreBehavioral Learning Theory Essay901 Words   |  4 PagesThe Behavioral Learning Theory believes that behavior is learned from either the environment, the people in the individuals life, the media, or society as a whole. This theory contradicts the Biological theory, which states that criminals are born to be bad and that criminal behavior is inherited. The behavioral theory looks at the environment as well as societys impact on how an individual acts which might be the reason for criminal behavior. This theory blames the environment as well as theRead More4.Sociology Is The Study Of Society Using Empirical Investigation,1072 Words   |  5 Pagesfamily, physical attributes, economic status, and education. At a personal level, sociology can explain social causes and consequences of such things as racial and gender identity, family conflict, deviant behavior, and religion. While at a societal level, sociology examines matters like crime and law, poverty and wealth, prejudice and discrimination, schools and education, and social movements. At the global level, sociology studies population growth and migration, war and peace, and economic developmentRead MoreThe Theory Of Differential Association Essay1501 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Why do criminals commit crime? How to we learn to commit crime? These questions can be answered using social learning theory. Social learning approach is the assumption that all human behavior is socially learned (Thompson, Bynum 2013 115). The theory of differential association was developed by Edwin Sutherland to try and explain the development of criminal behavior. Essentially what this theory says is that deviant group behavior results from normative conflict. Normative conflictRead MoreDifferential Association Theory By Edwin H. Sutherland969 Words   |  4 PagesDifferential Association theory by Edwin H. Sutherland states that criminal behavior is learned. Sutherland’s theory is essentially arguing that individuals that engage in criminal activity have learned to engage in criminal activity from association with others. Differential Association theory is broken down into nine propositions. The first proposition is that criminal behavior is learned (Sutherland, 2010). T he second proposition states that the interaction with the other person or persons hasRead MoreThe Reasons Why People Commit Crime1659 Words   |  7 Pagesare many reason why people commit crime. Many people have created theories on why people commit crime and how to reduce the crime rates. People commit crime due to constant strain. They, also, commit crime because they are constantly exposed to definitions that favor crime. For example, some people have parents that are criminal due to their parents being criminals and still around them the child would not view crime as bad or harmful. People, also, may commit crime because they have week social bondsRead MoreEssay Biological Explanations of Criminal Behaviour1357 Words   |  6 PagesCrime theories are still in a development stage; it is an evolutionary process that continues to this day. Crime is still a complex and misunderstood phenomenon with no concrete evidence when it comes to human behavior. Throughout time there have been endless amounts of crime theories, few of which revolve around biological explanations. We have Cesare Lombroso and the Positive School who thought that criminals were genetically different from the rest of the general population, that they were biologicallyRead MoreThe Theory Of Crime And Deviance1248 Words   |  5 Pagesliving. A child raised with an abrupt childhood and a child raised in a well-educated family are both likely to become future incarcerated individuals due to deviant behavior. Genetics has no role in determining criminality however social interaction with the world and individuals can be a leading factor in a person’s criminogenic nature. Crime within the world is indeed prevalent everywhere and is just as common as it was in the Victorian or Egyptian era. However, to prevent the expansion of a broad andRead MoreAlex Gibney’s Client 9: The Rise and Fall of Eliot Spitzer1037 Words   |  5 PagesCriminal and deviant behavior is not always inher ently part of an individuals nature, it is learned. It’s not inherited or a result of a biological condition. Rather, criminal and deviant behavior is learned in the same way all other behaviors are learned. According to Edwin H. Sutherland in his differential association theory, learning comes from interactions between individuals and groups. Individuals commit criminal or deviant acts due to repeated contacts and interactions with criminal activityRead MoreDefinition Of Differential Association Theory917 Words   |  4 Pagesaround for over 30 years which is one of the most popular theories that there is in criminal behaviors. The differential association theory is considered to be one of the most and best formulation of theory of criminality, holds, in essence, that criminality in learned interactions from others through a way of communication (Cressey, 1954). Sutherland he explains how individual behaviors are learned behaviors and that people are not born to be criminal s. With this theory Sutherland state that the learning

Walter Dean Myers Amazing Author Free Essays

Raymond Palacio 4/26/12 Period 1 Walter Dean Myers is a well established author who writes compelling stories of the struggles of young adults. Walter Dean Myers became well known by his astounding achievements and amazing literature. A big part of what made Walter who he is today is his early life and how it affected his writing, his first success, his background, how his writing contributed to our youth, the controversies about him, and the fact of should his books be red in a high school. We will write a custom essay sample on Walter Dean Myers: Amazing Author or any similar topic only for you Order Now The great quality that Walter Dean Myers possesses is the quality to understand the everyday problems of children young adults; this quality was greatly mastered by events that affected Walter Dean Myers Early life and how this inspired him to write. As a child, Walter Dean Myers had speech impairment in school. This problem with his speech meant that he had trouble reading regular written or printed words. Soon after an incident in class, which involved a speech to the class, Walter Dean Myers’s teacher noticed that it was much easier for him to read his own written words. This inspired him to write poems and short stories. Later when Walter was seventeen, he dropped out of high school and served in the army for three years. The struggles of being in the army only intensified his love towards writing. Shortly after exiting the army, Walter only had low paying jobs to do such as working in post office, as a messenger, and as a factory interviewer for the New York State Bureau of Labor. To any person; these are all great examples of early life events that affected his writing and his writing style. In 1968, Walter Dean Myers challenged himself to further his love for writing by entering in a children’s book competition geared towards African American writers. Little did he know but, this competition would change his life. Walter Dean Myers decided to enter a book that he wrote called â€Å"Where Does the Day Go? † Walter’s Book won the competition, and officially became published and was also Walter’s first success in 1969. Recalling what he said that day,† I won the contest! † said Walter Dean Myers. This was the first and best achievement he has done, and once he did it, he wanted to make this his life’s work. Walter Dean Myers is without question one of the best authors of today even though he had some struggles in his life. Walter was born in the middle of the great depression in 1937. He was a born in a town called Martinsburg, Virginia. Walter’s mother died while giving birth to him, so without hesitation, Walter’s mother’s good friend to adopt. Walter’s new parents changed his middle name from â€Å"Milton† to â€Å"Dean†. Soon after the adoption, Walter and his new parents moved to Harlem in New York City. Walter became accustomed to the city life and was in school. One day in class, Walter’s teacher caught him reading a comic book; he remembered that moment very well. Walter’s teacher took the comic book and ripped it into a million pieces. He was really upset, but she brought him a giant pile of books from her personal library. Walter remembered it being the best thing that ever happened to him. Walter Dean Myers soon became a book worm and grew into a man who loved books and wrote amazing stories of the struggles of young adults. Walter Dean Myers has contributed a lot to our youth. He provides a compelling perspective on the hard-hitting issues faced by at risked teens and young adults. Walter Dean Myers can understand young adults. He makes teens, which read his books; seek to portray the beauty of the African American experience, requiring young adults to question their values and decisions. Walter Dean Myers was also elected the National Ambassador for Young Peoples Literature by the Librarian Congress for 2012 and 2013. To meet the criteria, means you have contribution to young adults and relate to children. Though Walter Dean Myers is an expressful and outspoken author for our youth, some concerned parents raised some controversies about one of Walter dean Myers’s best books, â€Å"Fallen Angles†. This controversy was challenged by Texas, Virginia, Kansas, Illinois, Idaho, and North Carolina. The book was challenged for its racism, offensive language and the violence of war. The book was also challenged for its slang terms for homosexuals. Even the though there were only a few controversies about one of Walter Dean Myers’s books, He still is an intelligent author who understands and relates to young adults. Many schools over go the one question of whether Walter Dean Myers’s books should be read in their high schools. With out a doubt this author is the perfect role model to influence young adults; in what any better way than a high school library. The role of the modern high school library is run by a librarian and this librarian has to go through vigorous amounts of schooling and English degrees. The librarian decides what should be allowed into the library and is a very influential person when it comes to references and connections to the modern societies’ literature. Our schools sometimes have to ban some books but not many have been banned. If a book is challenged, the book then will go through different stages to determine whether it is truly an inappropriate book for our youth. But with Walter Dean Myers, you will not find a better insight on the struggles of today’s youth. The famous Walter Dean Myers is truly an influential figure and a great author that decisively depicts the struggles of today’s youth and young adults. His work has continuously acknowledged today’s generation of youth and writes compelling struggles of young adults. Walter Dean Myers grew up to be an amazing, aspiring, writer and has truly proven to everyone that he indeed has unlocked that secret to understanding young adults. Anyone reading one of his books will grasp the terminology and theme of which is written in his multiple award winning books. All in all Walter Dean Myers is and will always be one of the greatest authors of today’s literature aiming for the younger age group, such as young adults and children. How to cite Walter Dean Myers: Amazing Author, Papers

Tools And Techniques Organizational Change â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Tools And Techniques Organizational Change? Answer Introducation Summary-This case study is on the organizational change management that was undertaken when Smithkline of the USA and Beecham of the UK merged in 1989. It focused on formulating a new company culture, values and leadership. The process of company-wide communication adopted was simply better throughout the company. The company used an external agent of change to help guide the process. The participative level restructuring that was implemented in 1994 however proved largely unsuccessful. Question one- The main management lesson in introducing change at SKB was that there is a difference between corporate level and unit level restructuring in organizational change (Oakland Tanner, 2007). While the corporate level was largely successful, the unit level changes proved to be a challenge. Lack of adequate resource allocation for implementing activities at unit level was one such problem. Opposition and suspicion of change at the production sites was also another challenge that was witnessed. Balancing organizational change activities, while maintaining production levels, proved to be unrealistic. Question two- One of the key lessons is that there should be enough resource allocation with activities designed during the OD change. Although there was significant allocation for resources during the training phase, there was a deficit for the same when it came to implementation (Cameron Green, 2012). Another lesson is that employees can be overburdened with too many activities at the same time, while being expected to maintain production levels. The use of external change agents also proved to have its shortcomings as it increased suspicion amongst employees. References Cameron, E., Green, M. (2012). Making sense of change management: A complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. London: Kogan Page. Oakland, J. S., Tanner, S. (2007). Successful Change Management. Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 18(1/2), 1. doi:10.1080/14783360601042890

Investigatory Projects Essay Example

Investigatory Projects Essay Flowers Used for Dye Hollyhocks Hollyhock, or Alcea rosea, petals are available in varying shades from nearly white to almost black. The dyes made from these petals range in color from bright green to greenish brown depending upon how the blossoms are prepared. According to Rakhi Shanker and Padma S. Vankar from the Facility for Ecological and Analytical Testing in Kanpur, India, a substance such as alum or other metal salts is used to make the dye stay on the fabric without quickly washing out. This substance is called a mordant. Shanker and Vankar experimented with mordants such as copper sulphate and stannic chloride as well as alum and found that the color varied depending upon which mordant was used. Saffron Saffron, or Crocus sativus, creates a strong yellow dye. According to W. P. Armstrong from Palomar College, saffrons blossoms contain a coloring pigment in their stigmas, which are the long tube-like structures inside the middle of the blossoms. This coloring pigment is called crocin, and it is a distant relative of vitamin A. The stigmas are dried and used for dyeing. The website indicates that approximately 4000 flowers are needed to make a single ounce of dye. Saffron was once used to dye the robes of Irish royalty, according to Armstrong. It is used most often as a food coloring. Royal Poinciana Delonix regia is also known as Royal poinciana or Gulmohur. These trees produce striking golden and scarlet flowers during the spring. Dyes created from gulmohur blossoms range in shades from golden yellow to dark brown, depending upon the mordant. According to K. We will write a custom essay sample on Investigatory Projects specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Investigatory Projects specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Investigatory Projects specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Anitha and S. N. Prasad from the Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History in India, dyes that used turmeric powder as a mordant produced golden yellow or dark tan shades on silk depending upon whether the whole flowers or just the petals were used. A 10 percent alum solution produced olive green. Safflower Younsook Shin from Chonnam National University in Korea indicates that Korea has a long tradition of using safflower as a natural dye. Safflower petals contain carthamin, which produces red, and safflower yellow B, which roduces an orange-yellow color. Healthline adds that safflowers were traditionally used to dye silk yellow or red. The blossoms were also dried, finely ground and mixed with talc to produce rouge. Safflower dye is commonly used to add color to foods. Making Natural Dyes From Plants Did you know that a great source for natural dyes can be found right in your own back yard! Roots, nuts and flowers are just a few common natural ways to get many colors. Yel low, orange, blue, red, green, brown and grey are available. Go ahead, experiment! Gathering plant material for dyeing: Blossoms should be in full bloom, berries ripe and nuts mature. Remember, never gather more than 2/3 of a stand of anything in the wild when gathering plant stuff for dying. To make the dye solution: Chop plant material into small pieces and place in a pot. Double the amount of water to plant material. Bring to a boil, then simmer for about an hour. Strain. Now you can add your fabric to be dyed. For a stronger shade, allow material to soak in the dye overnight. Getting the fabric ready for the dye bath: You will have to soak the fabric in a color fixative before the dye process. This will make the color set in the fabric. Color Fixatives: Salt Fixative (for berry dyes) 1/2 cup salt to 8 cups cold water Plant Fixatives (for plant dyes) 4 parts cold water to 1 part vinegar Add fabric to the fixative and simmer for an hour. Rinse the material and squeeze out excess. Rinse in cool water until water runs clear. Dye Bath: Place wet fabric in dye bath. Simmer together until desired color is obtained. The color of the fabric will be lighter when its dry. Also note that all dyed fabric should be laundered in cold water and separately. Muslin, silk, cotton and wool work best for natural dyes and the lighter the fabric in color, the better. White or pastel colors work the best. NOTE: Its best to use an old large pot as your dye vessel. Wear rubber gloves to handle the fabric that has been dyed, the dye can stain your hands. Its also important to note, some plant dyes may be toxic, check with the Poison Control Center if unsure. Shades of orange -Alder Bark (orange) Bloodroot will give a good orange to reddish orange color. Sassafras (leaves) Onion (skin) – orange Lichen (gold) Carrot (roots) orange Lilac (twigs) yellow/orange Barberry (mahonia sp. ) yellow orange (with alum) very strong ; permanent. Any part of the plant will work. Giant Coreopsis (Coreopsis gigantea) Yields bright permanent orange with alum. Turmeric dyed cloth will turn orange or red if it is dipped in lye. Pomagrante – with alum anywhere fro m orange to khaki green. Butternut (seed husks) orange Eucaluptus (leaves and bark) beautiful shades of tan, orange and brown. Shades of red Elderberry red Red leaves will give a reddish brown color I use salt to set the dye. Sumac (fruit) light red Sycamore (bark)- red Dandelion (root) Beets deep red Bamboo turkey red Crab Apple (bark) red/yellow Rose (hips) Chokecherries Madder (root) red Hibiscus Flowers (dried) Kool-aid Canadian Hemlock (bark) reddish brown Japanese Yew (heartwood) brown dye Wild ripe Blackberries Brazilwood St. Johns Wort (whole plant) soaked in alcohol red Bedstraw (root) red

Free Essays on Women In Westward Expansion

From the early 1840’s to the late 1860’s, an era of westward expansion took place. Over this period of time, pioneers from all across the â€Å"Old World† decided to embark on a journey to the â€Å"New Country†, a land of unending farmland, furs, and rivers in the newly acquired California and Oregon Territories (Schlissel, 19). After the United States annexed the Republic of Texas and the British were out of Oregon, the pioneers wanted to explore their â€Å"manifest destiny†, or their belief that they had rights to expand across North America (Faragher & Stansell, 310). Most of the men who decided to expand westward did so because they were farmers looking for new land to cultivate. With reports of lush, fertile lands to the west and the looming depression in 1837, farmers searched for a way to improve their quality of life. One farmer said his reason for leaving was because he felt â€Å"people were settling right under his nose (Schlissel, 20),† even though his neighbor was over 10 miles away. So, like most men, he packed up and got ready for the grueling journey, whether his family liked it or not. Some women only had a few weeks notice that the family was moving to Oregon, while others had enough time to prepare as best they could. Once their husband’s mind was made up, the only thing women could do was, at best, delay the journey. Not all women were against the idea of their families undertaking the journey to Oregon; some shared their enthusiasm. Miriam Tuller wrote, â€Å"I was possessed with a spirit of adventure and a desire to see what was new and strange (Schlissel, 42).† Most women were reluctant to leave their family and friends at home. In most cases, families and friend stayed together and decided to go west together. In fact, the largest proportion of emigrants in the 1840’s were families (F & S, 312). Feeding a family on the trail was a huge task usually taken on by the women. Women coped wi... Free Essays on Women In Westward Expansion Free Essays on Women In Westward Expansion From the early 1840’s to the late 1860’s, an era of westward expansion took place. Over this period of time, pioneers from all across the â€Å"Old World† decided to embark on a journey to the â€Å"New Country†, a land of unending farmland, furs, and rivers in the newly acquired California and Oregon Territories (Schlissel, 19). After the United States annexed the Republic of Texas and the British were out of Oregon, the pioneers wanted to explore their â€Å"manifest destiny†, or their belief that they had rights to expand across North America (Faragher & Stansell, 310). Most of the men who decided to expand westward did so because they were farmers looking for new land to cultivate. With reports of lush, fertile lands to the west and the looming depression in 1837, farmers searched for a way to improve their quality of life. One farmer said his reason for leaving was because he felt â€Å"people were settling right under his nose (Schlissel, 20),† even though his neighbor was over 10 miles away. So, like most men, he packed up and got ready for the grueling journey, whether his family liked it or not. Some women only had a few weeks notice that the family was moving to Oregon, while others had enough time to prepare as best they could. Once their husband’s mind was made up, the only thing women could do was, at best, delay the journey. Not all women were against the idea of their families undertaking the journey to Oregon; some shared their enthusiasm. Miriam Tuller wrote, â€Å"I was possessed with a spirit of adventure and a desire to see what was new and strange (Schlissel, 42).† Most women were reluctant to leave their family and friends at home. In most cases, families and friend stayed together and decided to go west together. In fact, the largest proportion of emigrants in the 1840’s were families (F & S, 312). Feeding a family on the trail was a huge task usually taken on by the women. Women coped wi...

Investment Portfolio paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Investment Portfolio paper - Essay Example According to her, it has a broad global track for the equity part of her portfolio, hence secure for her investment. This investment plan is also well registered and recognized worldwide. Since she intends to invest for over thirty years, this investment will give her good returns since it has a high demand. This is a follow up of her willingness to maintain discipline on investment as she has done before. Besides, she has no dependants and has sustainable income which will enable her to invest without interruption. Her return objectives are determined by the capital she holds in her retirement benefits account which she never monitors, meaning she is determined to let it grow without interference. ETF is an organization that has grown for over years with expensive assets. This gives it chance to reduce the level of risks it faces. The risks are therefore tolerable by this woman. This means that she has a high probability of getting returns, but low probability of getting losses. There is also a good chance of diversifying the investments in the organization. This is because it has variety of securities, enabling any shareholder to diversify investments at will. She can invest in securities like bonds, debentures and many others among the investment

Research where are the IFRS are significantly different from current Paper

Where are the IFRS are significantly different from current Canadian GAAP - Research Paper Example This demanded a certain degree of similarity in the accounting standers and many international accounting bodies come up which assisted development of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). The aim of GAAP is provide rules related to preparation, presentation and reporting of financial statements. GAAP is combination of all the Accounting Frame works, Accounting Laws, Accounting Rules and Accounting frame works. At present Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has the highest authority to establish GAAP which has to be followed by public and private organization. In US, the financial reporting is controlled by Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASAB). These GAAP brings standards which help Stakeholders to understand present condition of the company, and on the basis of their analysis they make decisions related to credit, investment and other vital financial decisions. But it has been found that the GAAP suffers with certain limitations, like inter indust rial comparison is not possible if GAAP is taken into consideration for financial statement reporting, also certain vital information related to the companys performance are not presented on the financial statement sheet while following GAAP, which are necessary for the merger and acquisition process. So to overcome these hindrances, concept of International Financial Reporting Standers (IFRS) came into existence. IFRS consist of standards, interpretations, and frame works which are to be taken into consideration while preparing and presenting financial statement of a company as adopted by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). Actually, IFRS is the rename of International Accounting Standers (IAS) which was proposed from 1973 to 2001 by Board of International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC). In the historical event of April 1,

Robert Reich’s “Supercapitalism” Chapter 2 Analysis

Robert Reich’s â€Å"Supercapitalism† Chapter 2 Analysis Richard (Ben) Dowden Analysis of a chapter from Robert Reich’s â€Å"Supercapitalism† Outline of Reich, chapter 2 Argument outline of Reich, chapter 2 Overall argument Since the 1970’s competition between corporations grew as technology developed, American companies began to pursue profit to remain competitive resulting in supercapitalism triumphing over democratic capitalism. Reasons Globalisation, new production processes and deregulation increased competition giving consumers and investors more choices. Increase in investor culture drove companies to compete for shareholders (i.e. highest possible profits) regardless of their social responsibility. The decline in union membership as a result of pursuits in profit has led to the decline of power workers have over their employers, the corporations. Evidence for reason 1 In Section 2 (pp. 56-60), Reich describes how technology developed for use in the Cold War had influence over American business. He asserts the technology had three indirect outgrowths: globalisation, new production processes and deregulation (p.60). He argues that each of these outgrowths increased business competition giving concrete evidence for each in the following sections. Section 3 (pp. 60-63) argues that globalisation has reduced the cost of overseas trade creating opportunities for global supply chains. Reich states that the Vietnam War resulted in the growth of commercial, global logistics. Reich gives concrete evidence of how seven new containership companies entered the market in the year following the war and how industry grew at a high rate thereafter (p.61). Moreover, Reich argues this created the concept of global supply chains. Reich notes the great increase in American imports from American owned overseas factories between 1969 and 1983 (p.62). He then gives examples describing large companies’ global supply chains (p.62). Section 4 (pp.64-65) argues new production processes trumped the economies of scale used by the oligopolies resulting in a marketplace growing in complexity. Reich gives examples of how new production processes allows specialisation. He explains how standardised steel gave way to specialised galvanised steels designed for a niche market (p.64). Furthermore, a huge brand like Coca-Cola faced a variety of specialised drinks taking away Coca-Cola’s market share (p.65). In section 5 (pp.65-70) Reich argues that as businesses innovated, new profitable, yet restricted opportunities were discovered within regulated markets, companies lobbied for deregulation, driving competition. Reich states that in some cases, deregulation put companies out of business since they lost the cross-subsidies from other previously regulated, profitable companies. He gives evidence of the Bell System’s segmented telecommunication companies based in the country becoming unviable, opening business opportunities to smaller, extremely competitive companies (p. 68). Furthermore, trucking and airline deregulation led to added competition, particularly in freight (p.69). Evidence for reason 2 At the end of section 5 (pp.65-70) Reich quotes Edward E. Furash stating that due to the change in psyche in American’s management of wealth, the American financial system will shift towards competing for investors (p.70). Reich describes the financial deregulation of banking giving new opportunities to investors among others he gave evidence of stock broker, Merrill Lynch setting up mutual funds (p.67). Reich seems to contribute the increase in investment choice and effectiveness because of deregulation to savers becoming investors. Reich backs the claim with statistics at the start of section 6 (pp.70-75) citing the increase in percentage of households owning stock (pp.70-71). Reich goes on to say this also coincided with the bull market of 1980-2000 (p.71). His overall argument here is that companies had to compete for investors which meant maximising returns. Reich gives evidence of how profit margins rose from the beginning of the 1980 to 2000 at a high rate of change (pp.72-73). He also gives evidence of how the number of companies that ran at lower profit margins that were subjected to hostile takeovers increased by a factor of 11 from the 1970’s to the 80’s (pp.73-74). In Section 7 (pp.75-80), Reich begins by quoting the former CEO of Coca-Cola stating companies have the sole responsibility of generating returns for their investors (p.75). He continues to point out a CEO’s job security is increasingly attributed to the company’s stock price recommendation. 50% of CEOs’ company’s stock was downgraded in investment recommendation were fired in the following six months (p.76). Reich uses evidence of how 60% of senior executives in the Fortune 500 companies had been at their firm for fewer than six years (p.76). His argument is that CEO’s no longer have room to worry about the social consequences of their organisation. He uses the example of Malden Mills, a family-owned textiles company which ran at a loss manufacturing in New England. Their CEO did not want to close the factory since the local economy had high dependencies on it – he was eventually sacked by the company’s creditors (p.79). Evidence for reason 3 Section 8 (pp.80-86) focusses on the decline in union membership starting from the 1970’s. He cites evidence from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics of how union membership rapidly declined beginning in the 1970’s (p.80). He explains this is a consequence of employers contesting unions, giving concrete evidence of this through the decrease of uncontested union elections (p.80). Reich also gives evidence of how the rate of illegal dismissals of union members rose through the 1970’s and into the 90’s (p.81). Reich’s explanation for corporations’ behaviour was related to cutting the costs of the payroll to remain competitive as consumers and investors looked for the cheapest deal. Reich gives concrete evidence of how the nonunionised sector of the American economy grew at a greater rate than the unionised sector (pp.82-83). This increase in opposition arising from nonunionised companies forced unionised corporations fight the unions to remain competitive. Reich uses evidence from a range of industries to describe this citing: the air travel industry (p.83), the ‘Big Three’ American car manufacturers (pp.83-85) and the construction industry (p.85). Reich goes on to explain how the public services sector was never unionised, consequently suffering low wages. Reich uses the evidence of how members of the public services industry went on strike responding to their wages being cut as anti-union Wal-Mart entered their industry (p.86). Reflection: How the chapter intersects with my life The chapter reaffirmed my own opinion that wealth distribution in developed nations, particularly America’s, is unequal. It shows that while deregulation may improve its GDP per capita, it doesn’t guarantee a higher quality of life. In fact, in more regulated economies like in Scandinavia, quality of life indicators are higher since wealth distribution is far more equal (Wilkinson Pickett, 2009). The chapter is interesting, considering the debate surrounding the deregulation of tertiary education in Australia. It does give universities ability to form an identity, which is a way of saying it encourages elitism. After all, a university’s ‘prestige’ is generally attributed to how well-endowed it is. But is it just the first step to university privatisation? Will universities eventually just pursue profit like companies? List of references Reich, R., 2008. Supercapitalism. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. Wilkinson, R. and Pickett, K., 2010. The spirit level. London: Penguin Books.

Course note. Organizational behavior Essay

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR To distinguish and compare the various concepts and models of organizational behavior in a manner that-will help day-to-day conceptual, human, and communication skills of the students. To develop skills in diagnosing situations by encouraging them to participate actively in cases, topics, illustrations, and incidents that serve to provide operational meaning to the abstract concepts and models of organizational behavior. To assess and evaluate why certain events and behavioral processes occur in organizations and how, as managers, they can best affect the behavior of subordinates as well as other managers. COURSE DESCRIPTION This course utilizes the contingency approach to understanding organizational behavior. This approach seeks to understand the interrelations among the various parts of the organization. Each department, work group, or manager can be analyzed separately or as a unit related to other departments, work groups, or managers. The contingency approach requires that managers diagnose each situation confronting them, and then apply, as needed, the concepts and approaches presented in the course. These concepts and approaches will help the students to develop the knowledge and skills necessary to understand what is happening in an organization and what can be done about it. 1 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR Week TOPIC Introduction to Organizational Behavior: ï‚ · What is organizational behavior? ï‚ · Organizational behavior and management. ï‚ · Challenges for organizational behavior and management. Course Outcomes CO1 Delivery Mode Lecture Discussion Assessment Tools ï‚ · Quiz ï‚ · Test Rubrics Na Na INDIVIDUAL PROCESSES Personality and Perception ï‚ · The nature of personality. ï‚ · Model of personality. ï‚ · Personality traits. ï‚ · The nature of perception. ï‚ · Perception process ï‚ · Attribution theory. Learning and Motivation ï‚ · The nature of learning. ï‚ · Learning theories. ï‚ · The nature of work motivation. ï‚ · Motivation theories ï‚ · ï‚ · CO2 Lecture Discussion ï‚ · Quiz ï‚ · Test ï‚ · Case Study Analysis Na Na √ CO2 Lecture Discussion ï‚ · Quiz ï‚ · Test Na Na ï‚ · Case Study Analysis √ Quiz 1 Mini Case 2 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR GROUP PROCESSES Work Groups and Teams ï‚ · The nature of work groups and teams. ï‚ · Formation and development of groups. ï‚ · Effective Work Groups and Teams. CO3 Lecture Discussion ORGANIZATIONAL PROCESSES Leadership ï‚ · Introduction to leadership. ï‚ · Leadership theories. CO3 Communication ï‚ · What is communication? ï‚ · The functions of communication. ï‚ · The communication process. Lecture Discussion ï‚ · Quiz ï‚ · Test ï‚ · Case Study Analysis ï‚ · Quiz ï‚ · Test ï‚ · Case Study Analysis ï‚ · Quiz ï‚ · Test ï‚ · Case Study Analysis Na Na √ Na Na √ Na Na √ ï‚ · Quiz II ï‚ · Mini Case Decision Making ï‚ · What is decision making? ï‚ · Types of decision making. ï‚ · The decision making process. ï‚ · Group decision making. CO3 Lecture ï‚ · Test Discussion ï‚ · Case Study Presentation Analysis ï‚ · Group Presentation Na √ √ 3 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR ï‚ · Test 1 (2hours) INTERGROUP RELATIONS IN THE ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT Organizational Culture ï‚ · The concept of organizational culture. ï‚ · Determinants of organizational culture. ï‚ · Managing organizational culture. ï‚ · ï‚ · CO3 ï‚ · Test ï‚ · Case Study Analysis ï‚ · Project Paper Na Lecture ï‚ · Quiz Discussion ï‚ · Test Presentation ï‚ · Case Study Analysis ï‚ · Group Presentation Na Na √ ï‚ · Quiz ï‚ · Test ï‚ · Case Study Analysis ï‚ · Group Presentation Na Na √ Lecture Discussion √ √ Quiz III Mini Case Power, Politics, and conflict ï‚ · The nature of power and politics. ï‚ · Sources of power. ï‚ · What is organizational conflict. ï‚ · Model of organizational conflict. ï‚ · Conflict management techniques. Organizational Change ï‚ · What is organizational change? ï‚ · Organizational change theory. ï‚ · Forces for and resistance to organizational change. ï‚ · Managing change CO3 √ √ 4 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR Social Responsibility and Managerial Ethics ï‚ · What is social responsibility? ï‚ · Views of social responsibility. ï‚ · Arguments for and against social responsibility. ï‚ · What is managerial ethics. ï‚ · Factors that affect employee ethics. ï‚ · Ethics in international context. ï‚ · Improving ethical behavior. Lecture Discussion ï‚ · Test ï‚ · Case Study Analysis ï‚ · Project Paper Na √ √ Test 2 (2 hours) Group / Team Project Presentation Submission of Group /Team Project: (Latest Deadline – A week after the final class/lecture) 5 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR TEACHING METHODOLOGY Lectures/Case Study Analysis/Discussions/Active Learning/Presentations/Projects ASSESSMENT 1. Test 2. Individual Assignments 3. Group Project 4. Final Assessment 10% 30% 30% 30% ———–100% ———— Total REFERENCES Main Reference: 1. Schermerhorn, J. R., Hunt, J. G., and Osborn, R. N. (2008). Organizational Behavior. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Supplementary References: 1. Asma Abdullah (2004). Going Glokal. Kuala Management (MIM). Lumpur: Malaysian Institute of 2. George, J. M. and Jones, R. J. (2008). Organizational Behavior (5th. Edition). New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. 3. Gibson, J., Ivancevich, J., Donnelly Jr. J., and Konoposke, R. (2005). Organizations: Behavior, structures, processes. Boston: Irwin McGraw-hill. 4. Nelson, D. L. and Quick, J. C. (2006). Organizational Behavior: Foundations, Realities, and Challenges (12th. edition). Ohio: South-Western College Publishing. Journals ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Journal of Organizational Behavior, Academy of Management Journal, Journal of International Business Studies, Journal of Occupational Psychology, Journal of Applied Psychology 6 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR Journals 1. Harvard Business Review 2. Fortune Magazine 3. The Edge 4. Malaysian Business Review 5. World Executive Digest 6. The Economist 7. Other related journals 7 View as multi-pages

Integrated Social Telemarketing

The emphasis on consumer which involves thorough research and coherent evaluation is the thrust of social telemarketing. The foundation of social telemarketing process would be research and evaluation per se. Social telemarketing emerged in the 1970’s as a specialized field of study in marketing. Gerald Zaltman and Philip Kotler were the proponents of social telemarketing. they realized that similar marketing strategies which are used to sell products to consumers can be used in â€Å"selling† ideas and behaviors as well.Kotler suggested that social telemarketing as â€Å"differing from other areas of marketing only with respect to the objectives of the marketer and his organization. † It seeks to influence social behaviors which will benefit its target market and its apparent society as a whole. However, such direct marketing method requires significant funding in order to push through with operations (Weinreich, 2006). Direct Product Marketing Direct product ma rketing pertains to the generation of particular product or service which the consumer wants or needs.In order to produce a product for a consumer, a marketer generates a marketing mix to determine the feasibility of a product in its market and to address the needs of its target market as well. Introducing a new product to the general public refers to the product market. The consumer market is the people you are trying to entice in order to buy the product. A product market is subjective in nature. For instance, you can’t lure a 60 year old in buying the new model of the X-box video game console. Likewise, you can’t sell a hair grower shampoo to a toddler ( Wheelright & Clark, 1992). Email and Voicemail MarketingDue to the fast-paced and sporadic technology, direct marketing has spawned a method called Voicemail Marketing, in which utilizes business voicemail systems and personal voice mailboxes. Such direct marketing method is considered cost effective compared to the costly expenses brought about by Social Telemarketing. Voicemail Marketing simply makes good with an enticing human voice in order to reach out to clients. However, such method has its loopholes due to the proliferation of â€Å"voicespam†, which urged a number of jurisdictions to promulgate laws regarding consumer violations concernig voicemail marketing.

Liberalism’s Impact on the American Revolution - 1193 Words

Following the French and Indian war, a great debt rested on the shoulders of Great Britain. In order to help alleviate this debt, the British Parliament imposed taxes on the colonies. This not only enraged the colonists at the time, but it also showed them the King was power-hungry. The colonists soon became aware of the fact that they were not being accurately represented. From then on, the people within the colonies knew that independence from Great Britain was necessary in order to thrive as a nation. The liberalism philosophy had the greatest impact on America’s decision to gain freedom from the mother country because it convinced individuals that the people should be able to pursue their own self-interests. Similarly, it made the†¦show more content†¦Even though Paine described the financial positives of independence for America, he also used liberalism to describe the negatives of succumbing to Great Britain. In order to describe how relationships would be impac ted, Thomas Paine stressed that submitting to Great Britain would â€Å"involve this continent in European wars and quarrels, and set us at variance with nations, who would otherwise seek our friendship.† (Paine, 163). Essentially, by using this language, Thomas Paine knew that if Britain were to become involved in a conflict that it would trickle down and decimate the American economy. In order to strengthen his assertion, Paine insisted that â€Å"whenever a war breaks out between England and any foreign power, the trade of America goes to ruin because of her connection with Britain.† Therefore, if America allowed Great Britain to continue to rule, their relationships with other nations would be interrupted. This outcome would have not only devastated America’s image and reputation, but it would have also jeopardized our chances for financial security in the future. After the pamphlet Common Sense was published, Thomas Jefferson continued using ideologies from liberalism while writing the Declaration of Independence. Within the declaration, Jefferson argued that the King â€Å"endeavored to prevent the population of these states; for that purpose of obstructingShow MoreRelatedBook Critique of2736 Words   |  11 PagesConclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 9 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 10 Introduction Alister McGrath, from the very beginning of this book, plainly states what the dangerous idea is all about. â€Å"The dangerous new idea, firmly embodied at the heart of the Protestant Revolution, was that all Christians have the right to interpret the Bible for themselves.† However, this dangerous new idea brought about developments which no one could have predicted. It caused chaos, controversies, debates and, in general, a situationRead MoreThe Rise and Fall of Ideologies in Fukuyama ´s The End of History2534 Words   |  11 Pagesthat black poverty is not a product of liberalism but is a result of slavery and racism. Therefore, communism’s case against liberalism has weakened at the rise of equality and legal and societal structures in the West. To further demonstrate liberalism’s strength against communism, Fukuyama discusses the spread of the ideology in Asia. Asia, originally a fascist/communist entity has become more and more liberal as time goes on. Japan, South Korea, and Burma have all begun adopting economic formsRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesand Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform

What is the Definition of Health - 939 Words

Where there is life there is health. In 1948 the World Health Organization defined health as â€Å"a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.† Whereas previously, health had be identified as solely the absence of disease or infirmity. Through research and study, it was recognized that health is the domain of physical and mental functioning. The state of health is then the degree to which these functions are in equilibrium with the physical, biological, and social environment (Lock, 2001). Merriam Webster Dictionary defines health as â€Å"the condition of being sound in body, mind, or spirit,† (Merriam Webster Dictionary).Various aspects or dimensions can be identified with the term, therefore making it difficult to identify something as â€Å"completely healthy.† It has been taught that when mental, emotional, and physical health are in equilibrium, that an individual may be considered to be à ¢â‚¬Å"healthy.† However, there are countless sub-divisions that play crucial roles in the foundation of the distinctive components. Mental health has been identified as â€Å"a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community.† However, in modern society the term mental health is often associated with a reference to mental illness. Although mental health and mental illnessShow MoreRelatedWhat Is The Definition Of Health Care883 Words   |  4 PagesMain Question Post: Week 1 Discussion - Overview of Growth and Development Impact of Provider’s Personal Definition of Family Family-centered care (FCC) considered the widespread pediatric care methodology related to the health care decisiveness amongst the healthcare providers and their family. According to Kuo, Houtrow, Arango, Kuhlthau, Simmons, and Neff (2012), while the FCC is the customary approach to pediatric healthcare for arrays of healthcare providers in the hospital, and primary careRead MoreApproaches to Health1526 Words   |  6 Pagesperspectives on health as well as the models and definitions of health and ill health. These topics will assist in the understanding of how different people and different cultures react to ill health. 1.1-CONTRASTING SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON HEALTH In modern society there is a general consensus that ‘good health’ is something that everyone wants to experience and that each individual knows what this involves. Because there are so many different definitions of health and ill health it can becomeRead MoreEssay on Definitions of Health1228 Words   |  5 PagesDefinitions of health It is fairly difficult to define health as there are no agreements between scholars. This is why many sociologists focus their research on the different issues and problems of ill health. Positive definition of health: positive health looks at the physical, emotional, intellectual aspects of a person’s wellbeing. This is in the way that they do not have any diseases or ailments. An example of the positive definition of health in a health and social care is a nurse in whoRead MoreAbnormality Definition Essay1013 Words   |  5 Pagesseveral different aspects... According to the English Oxford living dictionary (2017) abnormality as ‘’ Deviating from what is normal or usual, typically in a way that is undesirable or worrying. However, there are several ways of defining abnormality including: failing to function adequately, deviation from social norms; statistical infrequency; deviation of ideal mental health. When somebody isn’t coping with the demands and activities of everyday life, they are deemed to be failing to functionRead MoreRurality815 Words   |  4 Pages1 CHAPTER 1 What is rurality? Nicolette Rousseau BA BRITAIN is primarily a country of urban dwellers. For many, rural areas are seen as an idyll, the antithesis of the ills of urban life. The countryside is a place to get away from it all - a weekend retreat, or somewhere where one might aspire to live. People have images of rolling landscapes or bleak moors, complete with smiling farmers leaning on farm gates. The country air is seen as recuperative, and the environment generallyRead MoreHolistic Approach to Nursing and Cultural Approach to Nursing1726 Words   |  7 Pagesmetaparadigm. Through the exploration of both Roys holistic approach to nursing and Leiningers cultural approach to nursing, I will be able to conclude my findings and produce a philosophy of nursing that is unique to my own ideas, values, and beliefs of what the metaparadigm of nursing represents to me. The first concept of nursing that will be focused on is, person. Roy has provided a general framework that allows for a baseline understanding of the metaparadigm. Roys view of person, as stated inRead MoreCritical Analysis Paper On Nursing1442 Words   |  6 Pagesto reflect upon my original definition of nursing metaparadigm concepts critically, and to determine if any changes in my perception towards practice have occurred. The focus of the paper is to critically analyze the transformations that have occurred in my approach to practice. The critical analysis of nursing metaparadigm concepts has resulted in the transformation of my thinking regarding a person, nursing, and environment while my perception regarding the health remains same. Firstly, I discoveredRead MoreHealth Is Not A Singular Concept Essay1249 Words   |  5 Pagesor at least impress the doctor by saying so, but the term â€Å"health† may contradict the stereotypical simple answer of eating fruit and ve getables and working out. In fact, doctors may even have the wrong impressions on health when giving their patients advice. Over three articles, different authors have shared their views on health, what it means, and how it affects our society. From these, I comprised my own definition for health. Health is not a singular concept. Rather, it affects an entire societyRead MoreHealth Is More Than One Focus Of Health1301 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction; â€Å"Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, quoted from world health organisation†. (Health and social care, serious editor Neil Moonie, Heinemann page 106). Health is more than one focus of the body; there are 4 different types of health which are physical, mental, social and emotional health. Poor health can depend on factors such as diseases, bad health condition, not having a balanced diet, mental stressRead MorePovertyin the World811 Words   |  3 PagesPoverty evokes various definitions depending on the audience and perhaps the purpose or context that it is used. Limiting the definition of poverty to a ‘value judgment’ is of little use in terms of agreeing on a definition for the purpose of comparison and measurement between groups (Sen 1979, p.285). A clear definition of poverty supports and indicates the process for measurement, and as such would also assist in determining the focus and approach for development (Clark 2012; Ruggeri, Saith

Troy By Wolfgang Petersen And Homer s Historic Epic Iliad

The 2004 film Troy by Wolfgang Petersen and Homer’s historic epic Iliad both center on the Trojan War between the Achaeans and the Trojans, but with two distinct differences in coverage. During Homer’s era, these heroes, the great Achilles and Hector, were known to all, but in modern times they are not as prevalent and thus both artists needed to adapt their approach to this tale. Homer’s Iliad delves into the ninth year of strife with Achilles and Agamemnon‘s quarrel in full effect and the Greeks on the verge of sacking Troy. Petersen’s Troy, however does not have the same established background that Homer possessed and adapted by beginning with who these characters are and how the story of the Trojan War began. The coverage of Troy also pushes pass the easing of Achilles wrath and into the sacking of Troy, fleeing of Aeneas, and the demise of Achilles. Rather than a simple recreation of the Iliad, Troy attempts to balance the grand story of Achille s’ struggle for immortality, Hector’s courage to save his people from foretold death, and who is truly on the virtuous side. With no background for the audience to base the story, Troy begins around 1200 BCE with King Agamemnon of Mycenae conquering the final Greek troops of Triopas to unite Greece, before the Trojan War. Quite a different beginning than the start of the Iliad, which occurs roughly ten years later. The audience needs to know these characters relationships and history first. When the film opens, Agamemnon is the

Comparative Analysis Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper and Allendes An Act of Vengeance free essay sample

Perhaps the most distinctive indication of a great short story is the ability of an author to develop an important internal theme in order to portray a specific message to the audience about the nature of reality. In the short stories, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† and â€Å"An Act of Vengeance† written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Isabel Allende respectively, there exists a common internal theme of female powerlessness. While both â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† and â€Å"An Act of Vengeance† employ a common theme of female oppression, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† uses it to analyze a protagonist who loses her mind as a result and â€Å"An Act of Vengeance† uses it to analyze a protagonist who loses her will to live as a result. In this paper, I will describe the unique way in which the theme of female oppression is embedded into Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†. I will then explain how Allende’s â€Å"An Act of Vengeance† also reveals the similar theme of female oppression. Finally, I will evaluate the difference between â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† and â€Å"An Act of Vengeance† despite the use authors’ utilization of the same internal theme. Gilman’s story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† contains a female protagonist who is married to an oppressive husband named John. Because the protagonist has been diagnosed with an unnamed â€Å"condition†, she believes that John knows what is best for her and therefore abides by his rules and regulations; one of which entails spending most of her time locked in a room with horrid yellow wallpaper that she despises. â€Å"I don’t like our room a bit† she says, â€Å"I wanted one downstairs that opened on the piazza and had roses all over the window†¦ but John would not hear of it† (Gilman 463). Even though she dislikes the room, John does not consider her opinion in the matter and thus reveals the protagonist’s powerlessness in the situation. Another obvious example of the extent of the oppression the protagonist faces is revealed when she says, â€Å"There comes John, and I must put this away, -he hates to have me write a word†(Gilman 463). Although the main source of the protagonist’s creative outlet comes from her writing, her husband does not allow it, which in turn forces the protagonist to sneak around behind his back in order to express her inner-most thoughts and imagination. Another example of the extreme oppression the protagonist of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† faces in her daily life is exposed when she reveals that John does not allow her to meet with her own family members. â€Å"I tried to have a real earnest reasonable talk with him the other day† she says, â€Å"and tell him how I wish he would let me go and make a visit to Cousin Henry and Julia†(Gilman 467). This reveals the protagonist’s powerlessness even in matters of visiting her family. This deeply embedded theme of female powerlessness and oppression dominates the story and ultimately proves to have a grave effect on the narrator’s mind as she begins to hallucinate and imagine separate realities within the patterns of the yellow wallpaper. Like Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, Allende’s â€Å"An Act of Vengeance† also contains a profoundly rooted internal theme of female powerlessness. Allende’s protagonist Dulce Rosa is also an oppressed female who is unable to make decisions on her own due to the fact that she is a woman. In the story, Dulce Rosa’s father is a Senator whose home is attacked by an army of men that included a man named Tadeo Cespedes. When it becomes obvious that he is going to die in the attack, the Senator contemplates taking his daughter’s life as well so that she â€Å"would never fall into the hands of Tadeo Cespedes†(Allende 44). Although she is spared of death at her father’s hands, the initial decision of the Senator to kill his own daughter displays the powerlessness of Dulce Rosa to choose whether she will live or die. Only because Dulce Rosa promises to avenge the death of her father, is she spared of dying at his hands. Another example of the extreme oppression Dulce Rosa faces in â€Å"An Act of Vengeance† occurs when she is raped by Tadeo Cespedes after her father is killed. Tadeo exposes his oppressive nature when he says, â€Å"the woman is mine† and sexually abuses the fifteen year old Dulce Rosa as a way of claiming her as his property (Allende 44). Much like the protagonist of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, Dulce Rosa is also incapable of making any decisions due to the tremendous and occasionally violent oppression she encounters from the male individuals in her life. Although the story â€Å"An Act of Vengeance† is similar to â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† in terms of a common theme of female powerlessness and the use of a female protagonist who is oppressed, the results of the female oppression differ between the two stories. In Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, the protagonist of the story becomes increasingly less mentally stable as a result of the oppression in her life. Seeking a new creative outlet because her ability to write freely is suppressed, the protagonist begins to image a woman entrenched inside the patterns of the yellow wallpaper. â€Å"The front pattern does move-and no wonder† she says, â€Å"the woman behind shakes it†(Gilman 471). This imaginary scenario that the protagonist has made up in her head is a prime example of how the oppression she faces throughout the story negatively impacts her ability to distinguish between imaginary and reality. At the end of the story when John discovers that his wife has torn down the wallpaper and is creeping around the room like a mad woman, he faints but she continues on creeping around the room by stepping over his body and she says, â€Å"I’ve got out at last, in spite of you and Jane. And I’ve pulled off most of the paper, so you can’t put me back†(Gilman 473). This is perhaps the most significant quote of the book, as it reveals the depth of the narrator’s powerlessness and the madness that occurs as a result of this oppression. While the protagonist of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† loses her mind as a result of the powerlessness she experiences in her daily life, the protagonist of â€Å"An Act of Vengeance† loses her will to live as a result of the oppression she faces. At the end of the story, Dulce Rosa agrees to marry Tadeo Cespedes because she has finally realized that she loves him. Although she loves Tadeo Cespedes, she cannot cope with the fact that she is unable to avenge her father’s death because of it. â€Å"She knew that she could not carry out the vengeance she had planned because she loved the killer† the audience is told, â€Å"but she was also unable to quiet the Senator’s ghost†(Allende 47). Instead of marrying the Tadeo, Dulce Rosa kills herself as a way of finding an escape from the oppressive life that she has lived. Because she is unable to marry the man that she loves due to her promise to avenge her father’s death, she decides that death is her only option. In conclusion, Gilman’s short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† and Allende’s short story â€Å"An Act of Vengeance† are similar in the common use of the theme of female oppression. They are also similar in the common use of female protagonists who are powerless over their lives in different aspects. While both utilize female protagonists and the theme of female oppression, the narrator of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† loses her mind as a result of the oppression in her life, while the protagonist of â€Å"An Act of Vengeance† loses her will to live as the result of the powerlessness she faces. By comparing these two stories, the significance of the theme of female oppression becomes obvious and the audience is taught a valuable lesson about the nature of gender and the result of extreme oppression in the lives of two completely different female characters.

Proposal free essay sample

The biggest gap between General English and Business English is the use of expressions in Business English. If someone sets his or her goal to improving his Business English, he or she should focus on improving business vocabulary. â€Å"Many studies have established the fact that there is a high correlation between vocabulary and intelligence and that the ability to increase ones vocabulary throughout life is a sure reflection of intellectual progress. † said Bergen Baldwin Evans, a professor of English in Northwestern University. This has the meaning that the more business words and business terms you learn, the more knowledge in Business English you get. There is no doubt that learning Business English is an essential part of mastering Business English. As realizing the importance of this matter, every student of English for Special Purposes Department of College of Foreign Languages put their effort in learning Business English. However, the study materials for Business English vocabulary are still quite difficult for them to approach because of some objective reasons. We will write a custom essay sample on Proposal or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To some extent, as the concept of Business English has just become popular in Vietnam since 2007 the year Vietnam joining World Trade Organization, the qualified study materials for Business English in Vietnam are pretty limited and expensive for Vietnamese students. Fortunately, we are now living in the time of Information Technology and the Internet is a useful tool for students to access to the knowledge. There are more and more students make their choices to use Internet to support their learning. Specifically, students of English for Special Purposes Department of Da Nang College of Foreign Languages, who major in Business English, have a trend to learn Business English vocabulary through online news. In additions, even some teachers also encourage their students to use this method as well as apply this method on their teaching. However, not every student knows how to learn Business English vocabulary through online news effectively and the benefits this method brings to the users. The amount of information on the Internet is nearly unlimited, which makes students confused of picking up exactly information they need. Everyday, there are thoundsands of news released online and this number increasing every second. The massive amount of online news can disorient the students. Therefore, if they don’t know the right way to apply this method, they will not only take no advantage of it but also waste their time. For the above reasons, this research â€Å"A study on learning Business English vocabulary through online news of ESPD students in Da Nang College of Foreign Languages† is carried out with the aim to help the students to find out the ways to learn Business English vocabulary through online news effectively. This will help ungraduated students who major in Business English can approach this method more easily. We hope that the research will have a minor contribution to the learning and teaching Business English, especially helping students to improve their Business English vocabulary. 1. 2Scope of the study Learning Business English vocabulary is an essential part for students majoring in Business English. There are many ways for them to practice as well as improve their vocabulary. However, due to the limitation of knowledge, time and resource, the study will be restricted to the method of using online news to learn Business English vocabulary. This study is conducted within 200 students of English for Special Purposes Department of Da Nang College of Foreign Languages, who major in Business English. 2. Hypothesis : This study is based on two hypotheses for the method of learning Business English through online news: Firstly, it is hypothesized that learning vocabulary through online news is useful for students. Secondly, it is hypothesized that every student of ESPD of DaNang CFL is aware of the advantage of the method and have been using this method to support their studying. 3. Research aims and objectives 1. Aims Chapter 1, Introduction, consists of the rationale, the aims and objectives, the scope of the study, the hypotheses, the research questions and the organization of the study. Chapter 2, Literature and theoretical background, provides a brief literature review and theoretical background for the matters of study. Chapter 3, Research design and methodology, presents the research method, and the procedure of data collection and analysis. Chapter 4, Findings and discussion, discusses in the result of the data analysis. This chapter focuses on figuring out the ways of using the method of learning Business English vocabulary through online news. Proposal free essay sample The PR/PO System will be created to support the TRP Purchasing department for the different business processes they do which includes Purchase Requests, Purchase Order, Processing of Payments, Delivery/Issuance Info are some of them. The system is also created to provide a paperless report/document generation for the Purchasing department. Client System Requirements ? Primary Goal To have a clear separation of tasks responsibility and accurate information accountability for the members of the different members involved in creating a purchase request, processing of purchase request payments, reports, etc. Other Goal/s o o To provide a paperless way of creating reports or documents needed. To have a centralized data storage for the users to access in support of their business process and functionality through shared electronic data retrieval. ? Business Flow that this System wants to achieve PURCHASE REQUEST/PURCHASE ORDER Includes control and data entry over purchase requests, History of Purchases, Delivery Details, Purchase History BUDGET MONITORING SUPPLIER DETAILS Supplier details Maintenance Supplier Price Maintentance REPORTS AND DOCUMENTS PO Form Monitors Budget for each project for purchases made. We will write a custom essay sample on Proposal or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Data Uploading from Excel Purchase Order Monitoring and data entry, Purchase approvals, ? Targeted Primary Users of TRP (Stakeholders) o o o o Purchasing Department –Will be in charge of monitoring pending Purchase requests. Accounting Department – Will be in charge of budget control and approval and data upload. Department Heads – Will be in charge of approving pending purchase orders and requests. End-Users (All Department) – The end users who are doing purchase requests. ? Detailed Requirements o Add multi-user level access with security limitations. To achieve the goal on this enhancement as stated here, the modules will have a view only, read/write and viewing access restriction depending on the user who login; and information for update/creation of new records will be monitored by adding an extra column in all the tables to determine the last user who edited or created the information. Excel file uploading for budget monitoring/management in the database. Purchase request and Purchase order approval and monitoring. Auto generated reports and documents. On time information sharing must be embedded into the system. For example an when the budget has exceeded, the users will be notified that they have to apply for additional budget in order to proceed with their purchases requests. o o o o Proposed Technology Platform To achieve the goals set forth in this document, SITP (Seiko IT Solution Philippines, Inc. ) proposes the following technology to be used as the platform in which the system would run on top of. WINDOWS SERVER 2008 Internet Information Service (IIS 7) PR/PO System PDF SQL Server 2008 MICROSFT EXCEL Proposed Technology Platform Rational With the limitation of the different component stated in the document [Technology Platform Proposal] plus the client’s system requirements, the above platform is suggested with the following reasons: ? It will provide a centralized location of both the database which contains the business process information and the application which will be residing in the IIS. Backup and restoration will only be done on the server side, which will reduce MIS tasks and also in the case of a virus attack or any unforeseen problem within the desktop machine, the installation of the Purchase Request and Ordering System application will be kept into minimal task. These task will be just installing the Excel and PDF components necessary to generate the different reports and documents for as long the Server in which the IIS and SQL Server 2008 is properly protected and maintained. This type of platform with SQL Server 2008, security level and multiple simultaneous user ccess can be accommodated properly. ? ? Application Development Strategy With the technology available today and with the application that we are proposing, the following components are suggested to be used in the development of the application. 1. ASP . Net 4. 0 with IIS 7 and Web Deployment Services 2. Entity Framework 4. 0 which is part of the ASP. Net 4. 0 which needs to be installed in the Ser ver where IIS will run. For new server Windows Server 2008 and above specially the Windows Web Server 2008, this component is already installed by default. Other server does not have one. 3. For the database, it will use a Microsoft SQL 2008 Server Standard Edition. 4. Reports will be in Excel or PDF, thus all client machines where the application will be installed needs to have a PDF Reader and Microsoft Excel. As far as the version is concern it will be built based on Microsoft Excel 2003. 5. User authentication will be via a stored user in the database and not in any way connected to windows operating system authentication. Server Side Client Side MS SQL Server 2008 PDF Entity Framework 4. 0 Excel ASP . Net 4. 0 IIS 7 Internet Explorer 8 MVC 3 Scope of Work for this Proposal Task List No 1 2 3 Task Description Requirement Scoping System Design Basic Designing Remarks This is creating the Database structure Integrating the design sent by TRP and modifying some of them to properly fit the requirements and to be understood easily by the user Coding the application at the same time adding the finer details to the design. Testing the system along the way to see problems and errors 4 5 6 Development, Detailed Designing and Unit Testing Integration Testing Implementation and User Testing Module List No 1 Module System Maintenance Sub Module Parameters User Data Management 2 Purchase Request Management Purchase Request Queue Purchase Request Summary Data Create/Edit Purchase request Generate Purchase History RFQ Form Generation 3 Delivery/Issuance Info Process Payment Description This holds the common information that is shared throughout This would be a management for the user list for their access to pages and approvals This would contain lists of pending Purchase requests A summary of all the pending purchase request This is the data entry for the Purchase request Report of history of purchases made This is the TRP Quotation Request Form Monitors Delivery details of the purchases made This would be approval of the payment for the purchases made. This covers the â€Å"blanket† and â€Å"non-blanket† items This is where the user can update/add new prices in the database This would be a management sub module for the list of suppliers. 4 5 6 Update Price Database Supplier Maintenance This shows the budget for 7 View Status Budget For Investment projects in nvestment and generate a report for it This shows the budget for Budget For Expense project expenses and generate a report for it This is a list of Purchase Purchase Request request and details PO Requests Purchase Order Data This will be the data entry for 8 Management Entry the Purchase order This will have the list of PO Queue pending PO for approval This is where managers can PO Approval approve the pending PO This is the TRP PO form PO Form generated upon approval of the PO Request This is a report for a cost 9 Cost Down Report down of TRP **NOTE: These modules will be divided into Buyers and End-User access in the system. Estimated Total Man Hours To accomplish the different tasks stated in this document and to provide a rough estimate for initial costing, we are approximately looking at 3 4 months’ worth of work. Other reports or modules not stated here are subject for review and separate costing. Limitation and Conditions This proposal covers only the development cost and of the new purchasing request and ordering system. All changes both on the component parts on the side of the developer and the requirements on the part of the TRP are subject to renegotiations. Proposal free essay sample Traffic Flow Chart 2. Schedule Timeline 3. Projected Cost Chart 18 17 10 I love to bake all kinds of sweets; I know that my love for baking will help me to ucceed in opening and operating a bakery that will satisfy anyone that has a sweet tooth. In Great Bakes Bakery, you can choose from breads, muffins, pies, cakes, and much more, so much more it will be a place to come that you can try a new product every day and not have the same thing. With this new opportunity there are many steps that must be completed in order for this business to open and succeed. Set up and establish a budget Lease a store front space to open my bakery ($3,000/a month) Purchase all equipment and supplies Layout and design of bakery Hiring and training of employees To accomplish the necessary steps for opening a bakery, I will need to borrow an estimated 7,000. We will write a custom essay sample on Proposal or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 00. I will use this amount open up a bakery and as working capital for the first six months of operation. Introduction My desire is to open a bakery like no other bakery in Burleson. Choosing a location on the main thoroughfare (Wilshire Blvd) would be a beneficial factor for this opportunity. There is a major Highway under construction from Fort Worth into the Burleson/Joshua area, which will increase the traffic flow near my location. I will be open from 6:00 a. m. to 6:00 p. m. to give customers more opportunity to stop by on their way to and from work, for daily fresh baked goods. I will establish a relationship with local restaurants thru catering and other services, to help grow their business and mine. Its always been my dream to own and operate a bakery. I estimate that it will cost me around $157,000. 0 dollars to start my business, it includes the lease of a building, all necessary baking kitchen equipment, ingredients for baked goods and employee salaries for the first six months. In the southwest area of Burleson, there are no individually owned bakeries to hoose from. There is only Walmart and HEB in this area. I will provide a service that will give customers a wider varity of chooses that they cannot receive at Walmart and HEB. While there are other bakerie s located on the north part of Burleson, they are not located on Wilshire where most of the traffic flows through, Burleson, Joshua and Cleburne. The other two well established bakerys in Burleson are located on Renfro street less than one mile apart from each other and are between the 135 freeway and Wilshire Blvd, Looking at Map B, you will notice the traffic flow on Wilshire shows igher traffic flow numbers on Wilshire closer to the other two bakeries than my location, but the two bakeries are not located on Wilshire which is a main thoroughfare, for most commuters. Map 1 (A) is the location of my bakery (B) is the location of Pinkys (C) is the location of Sweet Imagination Renfro and Wilshire. Chart A This charts shows the traffic flow count per location. My objective is to open and operate my own business by obtaining a loan, to cover the cost of all business startup expenses, as followed building lease, d ©cor cost, goods cost, employee training and salary cost, business equipment and insurance. Solution Securing the location at 3509 SW Wilshire # Suite 100, Burleson TX 76028, once the building is secure, my next step will be to purchase all the necessary equipment and supplies need for operation and hire and train my staff. Method I have graduated with an Associate in Occupational Studies Degree in Le Cordon Bleu Patisserie and Baking at Le Cordon Blue in Dallas, TX. With this degree, I gained the knowledge of advanced baking and pastry fundamentals with hands-on training and a well-rounded curriculum of management, communication and business courses that will add to my value in work place opportunities. Culinary arts or baking astry arts are programs that gave me more knowledge and skill to dive right into a career, and build a future that is anything but ordinary.